Latin Abbreviations

A.B. (Artium Baccalaureus)
Bachelor of Arts

A.C. (ante Christum)
before Christ

A.D. (anno domini)
in the year of the Lord

ad inf., ad infin. (ad infinitum)
to infinity

ad int. (ad interim)
in the meantime

ad fin. (ad finem)
near the end [of the page]

ad loc. (ad locum)
to the place

ad val. (ad valorem)
according to the value

ae., aet., aetat. (aetatis)
of age, aged

Ag (argentum)
silver

A.M. (anno mundi)
in the year of the world

A.M. (ante meridiem)
before midday

A.M. (ante mortem)
before death

A.M. (Artium Magister)
Master of Arts

A.R. (anno regni)
in the year of the reign

a.u.c. (ab urbe condita, anno urbis conditae)
from the founding of the city

B.A. (Baccalaureus Artium)
Bachelor of Arts

B.D. (Baccalaureus Divinitatis)
Bachelor of Divinity

B.L. (Baccalaureus Legum)
Bachelor of Law

B.Lit. (Baccalaureus Lit[t]erarum)
Bachelor of Literature (or Letters)

B.M. (Baccalaureus Medicinae)
Bachelor of Medicine

B.Mus. (Baccalaureus Musicae)
Bachelor of Music

B.Phil. (Baccalaureus Philosophiae)
Bachelor of Philosophy

B.S., B.Sc. (Baccalaureus Scientiae)
Bachelor of Science

c. (cum)
with

ca., cir., circ. (circa)
about

cf. (confer)
compare

D.D. (Divinitatis Doctor)
Doctor of Divinity

D.G. (Dei Gratia)
By the grace of God

D.Lit. (Doctor Litterarum)
Doctor of Literature

D.M. (Doctor Medicinae)
Doctor of Medicine

d.s.p. (decessit sine prole)
Died without issue

D.V. (Deo volente)
God willing

e.g. (exempli gratia)
for [the sake of an] example

et al. (et alii, et alia)
and others

etc. (et cetera)
and the rest, and so forth

et seq. (et sequens, et sequentes, et sequentia)
and the following

ff. (foliis)
on the [following] pages

hab. corp. (habeas corpus)
you may have the body

H.J.S. (hic iacet sepultus)
here lies buried

H.R.I.P. (hic requiescit in pace)
here rests in peace

ib., ibid. (ibidem)
in the same place

id. (idem)
the same

i.e. (id est)
that is

in loc. (in loco)
in the place

J.C.D. (Iuris Civilis Doctor)
Doctor of Civil Law

J.D. (Iuris Doctor)
Doctor of Law

J.U.D. (Iuris Ultriusque Doctor)
Doctor of both Civil and Canon Law

lb. (libra)
pound

l.c., loc. cit. (loco citato)
in the place cited

LL. D. (Legum Doctor)
Doctor of Laws

loq. (loquitur)
he (she, it) speaks

m.(meridies)
midday

M.A. (Magister Artium)
Master of Arts

M.D. (Medicinae Doctor)
Doctor of Medicine

M.O. (modus operandi)
method of operating

N.B. (Nota bene)
Note well

no. (numero)
by number

non obst. (non obstante)
notwithstanding

non seq. (non sequitur)
it does not follow

N.P. (nisi prisus)
no protest

n.r. (non repetatur)
do not repeat

ob. (obiit)
he died

op. cit. (opere citato)
in the work cited

p.d. (per diem)
by the day

per an. (per annum)
by the year

per cent. (per centum)
per hundred

Ph. D. (Philosophiae Doctor)
Doctor of Philosophy

P.M. (post meridiem)
after midday

p.r.n. (pro re nata)
as the need arises

pro tem. (pro tempore)
for the time, temporarily

prox. (proximo mense)
next month

P.S. (post scriptum)
written after

Q. (quasi)
as it were, almost

q.d. (quaque die)
every day

R. (regina, rex)
Queen, King

R.I.P. (Requiescat in pace)
May he rest in peace

Rx. (recipe)
take

S.C. (Senatus Consultum)
decree of the Senate

S.C.U. (Senatus Consultum Ultimum)
final decree of the Senate (martial law)

s.d. (sine die)
without [appointing] a day

seq., seqq. (sequentia)
following

s.i.d. (semel in die)
once a day

s.p. (sine prole)
without issue

S.P.Q.R. (Senatus Populusque Romanus)
The Senate and the Roman People

stat. (statim)
immediately

s.v. (sub vero)
under the word

tal. (talis)
of such

U.D. (ut dictum)
as directed

ult. (ultimo mense)
last month

vox pop. (vox populi)
voice of the people

vs. (versus)
against

v.s. (vide super)
see above

Assimilation

Some English consonant sounds, change into different phonemes when followed by certain other sounds. Here are some examples

/ t / changes to / p / before / m / / b / or / p /

Great Britain
pot plant
put back

/ d / changes to / b / before / m / / b / or / p /

blood pressure bad boy / n / changes to / m / before / m / / b / or / p / down payment open book / t / changes to / k / before / k / or /g/ credit card fat girl / d / changes to / g / before / k / or / g bad girl hard cash / n / changes to /ŋ/ before / k / or / g open court Golden Gate

Hero

Do you have any idols or heroes you look up to?
I once read this song may be about our Guardian Angel, what do you think?

Now let´s work on it!

There's a hero
If you look …………………………

You ……………………………… be afraid
Of what ………………

There's …………………..

If you reach ……………………….

And the ……………………………….

Will melt ………….

[Chorus:]
………………………………….. comes along
…………………………………… to carry on
……………………………….. your fears aside
………………………………… can survive
………………………………… hope is gone
……………………………………. and be strong
………………………………………. see the truth
…………………………………………..

Complete using these adjectives and nouns:

Hand love yourself

Long No one alone emptiness

It's a ………….road
When you face the world ………….

……………reaches out a ……………………

For you to hold
You can find …………
If you search within ……………….

And the …………………..you felt
Will disappear

[Chorus]
Now complete with verbs:

Lord ………………….

Dreams are hard to ……………..

But don't…………… anyone
Tear them away

………………………..
There will ………..tomorrow
AND In time
You'll …………….the way

be

let

knows

Hold on
find
follow

Now complete….(provide your own version)

If you search within yourself………………………………………

If you reach into your soul…………………………………………..

When you feel like hope is gone……………………………………….

When you face the world alone……………………………………………..

You should enjoy………………………………………………………………………

One the one hand you should……………………………………………………………

But on the other……………………………………………………………………………

Arranging meetings

ARRANGING MEETINGS

Dear………….

I am writing to arrange a meeting to discuss ……………………….

Is Monday 14^th at 9am convenient for uou?/possible for you/suitable for you?

We need to discuss………………………………………..Could we meet next Monday 14^th at 9am in my office?

Please confirm your attendance./Let me know if you will be able to attend./ I look forward to your confirmation.

ACCEPTING

Thank you for your email dated…… . Monday 14^th is suitable for me

I am writing to confirm my attendance next Monday 14^{th /} I´d like to confirm my attendance next Monday 14^th.

Could you please send me the address and some directions on how to get there?

I look forward to meeting you.

POSTPONING

I am afraid I cannot attend the meeting on Monday 14^th because I have a congress on that day/

Could we meet on…………?

I am sorry for the inconvenience caused/I apologize for the inconvenience caused./Please accept my apologies

Asking for information

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

FORMAL TO: FROM: SUBJECT: DEAR SIR/MADAM, DEAR Mr Smith To whom it may concern, My name is …..and I am a student at UADE. I am interested in …………/ I am writing to ask you for some information about…. Could you send me some information about………. / I would like some information about….) Thank you in advance / for your attention I look forward to your reply Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely, Regards Peter Black

INFORMAL TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Dear Mary, Hi,Mary! Just a quick note to tell you that…../ask you about…. Get back to me if you need anything else Hope to hear from you soon John

GIVING INFORMATION

DEAR….., Thank you for your e-mail dated February 7th. I am sending you the information you requested in an attached file / I am attaching you the information as a PDF file. Let me know if you need some help./anything else. Hope to hear from you soon Regards

COMMON ABBREVIATIONS

COMMON ABBREVIATIONS IN INFORMAL E-MAILS AND TEXT MESSAGES

These abbreviations are used when texting or writing informal e-mails

ASAP as soon as possible

FYI for your information

Bw best wishes

Btw by the way

PLS please

@ at

. dot

L8R later

4U for you

B4 before

CU See you

CUL8R See you later

TGIF Thank God it´s Friday

Tomorrow 2MOR

2NTE Tonight

B4N Bye for now

FAQ Frequently asked questions

G2G Got to go

IMO In my opinion

THX Thanks

UR You are / You're

RU? Are you?

UW You're welcome

VIP Very important person

VM Voice mail

WDYT What do you think?

WKD Weekend

W/O Without

ONL Online

All my life

Do you remember a place, a smell or a sound in particular from your childhood?

How would you like people to remember you in the future?

Listen to this song about remembrances.....

Now try working on it!

In My Life

Complete

There are........................…….. I remember 

……………………, though ………………… 

Some ………………….. ……..not…………….. 

Some ………………………and some……………

All these……………………………………………

With ………………………………………………..

I still …………………………………………………

Some are …………..and some ………………….

In my life I've ……………………. them all 

But of all these ……………………………….. 

there is no one ……………………………….. 

And these ……………………………………..

When I think of ……………………………….

Though I know I'll never ………………….

For …………………………………………..

I know ………………………………………

In my life ……………………………………

Find instances of:

Existance

Actions that started in the past and still go on

Actions that happened in the past

predictions

Present time

Action now